A collar consists of 3 positions:
- A long underlying
- A long OTM Put (called the "floor")
- A short OTM Call (called the "cap")
By collecting more for the short call than it costs for the long put, the collar costs you nothing, and can even bring in a credit.
Suppose you owned 100 shares of TSLA, with a cost basis of $120. You believe in TSLA and are very bullish long-term. Now, suppose that TSLA is trading over $140 and you'd like to protect yourself in case the price drops.